Enhanced accumulation of adipocytes in bone marrow stromal cells in the presence of increased extracellular and intracellular [Ca2+]

► High [Ca2+]o enhances adipocyte accumulation in the presence of adipogenic inducers. ► High [Ca2+]o enhances both proliferation and adipocyte differentiation in BMSCs. ► High [Ca2+]o induces an increase in [Ca2+]o in BMSCs. ► An intracellular Ca2+ chelator suppresses the enhancement in adipocyte accumulation. ► Controlling [Ca2+]o may govern the balance of adipocyte and osteoblast development.