Structure and function of the β subunit of voltage-gated Ca2 + channels

► The Ca2 + channel β subunit is required for voltage-gated Ca2 + channel function. ► We review the structure and many functions of Cavβ. ► Cavβ also has functions independent of Ca2 + channels. ► Cavβ knockouts have severe deficiencies and Cavβ is implicated in human disease. ► We provide a perspective for future research in this field.