Natural killer cell mediated pathogenesis determines outcome of central nervous system infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in C3H/HeN mice

► We examine the host response to Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. ► We compare resistant and susceptible mouse strains. ► We identify natural killer cell control through comparison of the host response. ► We deplete natural killer cells from susceptible mice and demonstrate survival. ► We supplement natural killer cells and demonstrate reversion to wild-type lethality.