Immunomodulatory effects of lactate dehydrogenase in vitro and in vivo

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) has been demonstrated to have an immunoglobulin production-stimulating effect on an IgM-producing human hybridoma cell line and on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Here, we examined the immunostimulatory activity of LDH on mouse immune system in vitro and in vivo. LDH stimulated IgA, IgG, and IgM production by lymphocytes from spleen, mesenteric lymph node, and Peyer’s patch in vitro. BALB/c mice were administered with LDH at 1.0 or 5.0 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks to examine the immunostimulatory activity of LDH in vivo. The IgA level in mouse serum was increased by administration at 5.0 mg/kg/day. Moreover, IgA and IgG production by Peyer’s patch lymphocytes from mice administered at 1.0 mg/kg/day of LDH was accelerated. IgA, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production by spleen lymphocytes were also facilitated by administration of LDH. It was revealed that oral administration of LDH stimulates immunoglobulin and cytokine production by lymphocytes in vivo.

► LDH stimulated IgA, IgG, and IgM production by mouse primary lymphocytes in vitro.
► IgA level in mouse serum was increased by administration of LDH at 5.0 mg/kg/day.
► IgA and IgG production by Peyer’s patch lymphocytes was enhanced by administration of LDH.
► IgA and cytokine production by spleen lymphocytes was enhanced by administration of LDH.
► It was revealed that LDH shows immunostimulating activity in vitro and in vivo.