Development of amperometric glucose biosensor through immobilizing enzyme in a Pt nanoparticles/mesoporous carbon matrix

Pt nanoparticles were deposited on mesoporous carbon material CMK-3. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized in the resulting Pt nanoparticles/mesoporous carbon (Pt/CMK-3) matrix, and then the mixture was cast on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using gelatin as a binder. The glucose biosensor exhibited excellent current response to glucose after cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. At 0.6 V (vs. SCE) the response current was linear to glucose concentration in the range of 0.04–12.2 mM. The response time (time for achieving 95% of the maximum current) was 15 s and the detection limit (S/N = 3) was 1 μM. The Michaelis–Menten constant (Kmapp) and the maximum current density (imax) were 10.8 mM and 908 μA cm−2, respectively. The activation energy of the enzymatic reaction was estimated to be 22.54 kJ mol−1. The biosensor showed good stability. It achieved the maximum response current at about 52 °C and retained 95.1% of its initial response current after being stored for 30 days. In addition, some fabrication and operation parameters for the biosensor were optimized in this work. The biosensor was used to monitor the glucose levels of serum samples after being covered with an extra Nafion film to improve its anti-interferent ability and satisfied results were obtained.