Discovery of 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate as a potential antiproliferative agent by inhibiting histone deacetylase

Twenty-one benzotriazoles (3–16 and 18–24) were synthesized and half of them (5, 8–16, 20, and 21) were reported for the first time. Their antiproliferative activities against three human cancer cells were assayed. It revealed that 1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate (9) showed considerable activity against three human cancer cell lines with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 1.2–2.4 nM, which were close to the value of the positive control, doxorubicin. Further investigation indicated compound 9 was a potential histone deacetylase inhibitor (IC50 = 9.4 μM) and its binding mode was simulated using docking method.

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