کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
150167 | 456445 | 2012 | 5 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
The self-esterification of partially maleated castor oil was studied using conventional and microwave heating. Reactions were followed by measuring the acid number and reaction products were characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR. A kinetic model, that fit the experimental data, was found. The reaction was non-catalytic, first-order with respect to hydroxyl-groups concentration and first-order with respect to acid-groups concentration. This reaction proceeded more quickly when microwaves were used and showed the presence of non-thermal effects of microwave heating, which were evidenced by the 10% decrease in the activation energy and the 182% increase in the pre-exponential factor.
► Reaction proceeded more quickly when microwaves were used.
► Reaction was first-order respect to hydroxyl-groups concentration.
► Reaction was first-order respect to acid-groups concentration.
► Presence of non-thermal effects of microwave heating.
► 10% decrease in the activation energy and 182% increase in the pre-exponential factor.
Journal: Chemical Engineering Journal - Volumes 185–186, 15 March 2012, Pages 347–351