Attitude controller design for orbital target tracking of geostationary satellite under avoidance constraint

A coordinated attitude control problem is addressed for which a geostationary satellite should maintain communication with a ground station while simultaneously tracking space objects. The coordinated attitude control discussed in this study is related to the attitude maneuvers of a tracking satellite and to the orbital motion of targets placed in orbits of lower altitudes. Modified Rodrigues parameters are employed to avoid singularities even in the presence of large attitude maneuvers. The initial attitude error is calculated based upon an arbitrary initial configuration for the target tracking, so that a sequential tracking from one to another target can be achieved easily. Additionally, avoidance maneuvers aimed at protecting sensitive onboard sensors from the Sun and the Moon are designed using the so-called navigation function. When the avoidance areas are on the transient path due to the coordinated attitude maneuver command, the maneuver is performed with no violation against the given constraint areas by adopting the navigation function.