Venus microsat explorer programme, an ESA technology reference study

The Venus microsat explorer programme (VMEP) is one of ESA's technology reference studies (TRSs). The purpose of the TRSs is to focus on the developments of strategically important technologies of likely relevance for future scientific missions. The aim of the VMEP is to study approaches for low cost in-situ exploration of Venus and other planetary bodies with a significant atmosphere. In this paper, the scientific objectives and an outline of the mission profile of the first phase of the VMEP are presented. Critical and enabling technologies identified by the TRS study will provide a guideline for future technology development activities that could be supported by ESA's Science Directorate.