Participation of oleic acid in the formation of the aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome patients

• Marfan syndrome is associated with progressive aortic dilatation and alteration of iNOS that contribute to aneurysm formation.
• An increase in oleic acid could increase iNOS and thus participate in the mechanisms that promote the aneurysms formation.
• Participation of fatty acids in the mechanisms involved in the formation from aneurysm in Marfan syndrome.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is associated with progressive aortic dilatation and endothelial dysfunction that lead to early acute dissection and rupture of the aorta and sudden death. Alteration in fatty acid (FA) metabolism can stimulate nitric oxide (NO) overproduction which increases the activity of the inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS) that is involved in endothelial dysfunction. We evaluated the participation of FA in the formation of thoracic aneurysms in MFS and its relation to the iNOS. Oleic acid (OA), iNOS, citrulline, nitrates and nitrites, TGF-β1, TNF-α, monounsaturated FA and NO synthase activity were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in tissue from the aortas of MFS. Saturated FA, eNOS and HDL were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Arachidonic acid, delta-9 desaturase tended to increase and histological examination showed an increase in cystic necrosis, elastic fibers and collagen in MFS. The increase in OA contributes to the altered pathway of iNOS, which favors endothelial dysfunction and formation of the aortic aneurysms in MFS.

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