Effect of inulin on growth and acidification performance of different probiotic bacteria in co-cultures and mixed culture with Streptococcus thermophilus

Inulin was used as a prebiotic to improve the quality and consistency of skim milk fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus (La), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lr), Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Lb) and Bifidobacterium lactis (Bl) with Streptococcus thermophilus (St), either in binary co-cultures or in cocktail containing all microorganisms. We compared, either in the presence of 40 mg inulin g−1 or not, the results of the maximum acidification rate (Vmax) and the times to reach it (tmax), to reach pH 5.0 (tpH5.0) and to complete the fermentation (tf). Post-acidification, lactic acid formation and cell counts were also compared after either 1 day (D1) or 7 days of storage at 4 °C (D7). In co-culture, inulin addition to the milk increased Vmax, decreased tmax and tf, favored post-acidification and exerted a bifidogenic effect. S. thermophilus proved to stimulate the metabolism of the other lactic bacteria and enhanced the product features. After D7, a significant prebiotic effect of inulin was observed in all co-cultures. Either after D1 or D7, the enumerations of Lr and Bl in mixed culture markedly decreased compared to their respective co-cultures because of greater competition for the same substrates.