In vitro evidence that commercial influenza vaccines are not similar in their ability to activate human T cell responses

We evaluated three commercial trivalent inactivated vaccines (TIVs) from the 2007–2008 season in terms of their ability to elicit in vitro T cell responses. T cell-mediated immunity may offer a more cross-reactive vaccine approach for the prevention of pandemic or epidemic influenza. Human cytotoxic T cell lines demonstrated differences in matrix protein 1 and nucleocapsid protein recognition of autologous target cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with each of the TIVs showed statistically significant differences between the vaccines in the numbers of IFNγ producing cells activated. These data suggest that TIV vaccines are not similar in their ability to activate human T cell responses.