Health systems and immunization financing for human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in low-resource settings

This descriptive qualitative study synthesizes health system and immunization financing assessments performed through formative research in India, Peru, Uganda, and Vietnam using a non-probability sample of national and sub-national stakeholders; and recommends appropriate and effective strategies for HPV vaccine delivery in low-resource settings. We conclude that maximum feasibility and acceptability and lowest cost for delivering HPV vaccine can be achieved by implementing through national immunization programs; by partnering with other sectors, such as education and maternal–child health; by strengthening existing human resources and cold chain infrastructures where needed; and finally, by considering schools for reaching the target population.