Les femmes incarcérées pour violence sexuelle dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Données sociodémographiques et caractéristiques psychopathologiques

RésuméObjectifsOn trouve peu d’articles concernant les femmes auteurs de violences sexuelles, les idées reçues étant encore peu discutées. Notre travail a cherché si ces femmes ont des caractéristiques sociodémographiques et psychopathologiques communes.Population et méthodesIl s’agit d’une étude anonymisée descriptive, avec un temps rétrospectif sur dossier, puis la passation du Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview et du Quotient Intellectuel abrégé.RésultatsVingt-deux femmes ont été intégrées à l’étude (7 % des auteurs de violences sexuelles incarcérées). Dans 70 % des cas, les victimes sont leurs enfants, plus de 60 % des faits sont commis avec le conjoint. On note des antécédents de violences et de carences multiples, un niveau socioéducatif précaire, et 78 % ont une déficience intellectuelle.ConclusionLes résultats incitent à réfléchir aux modalités du suivi de ces femmes sur nos secteurs, notamment aux psychothérapies que l’on pourrait proposer.

ObjectivesThis is a regional study about incarcerated women sentenced for sexual offense in the North of France. The purpose was to sum up several sociodemographical, criminological and psychopathological data to compare with data found in articles which are already published. Are there some common data between those women who are incarcerated for the same kind of violence?Materials and methodsThis is a descriptive study, with a one-off data collect. It was based on a voluntary participation. First, we made a retrospective data collect in judicial and medical files. After that, we proposed an interview with women included to assess a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and a short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.ResultsTwenty-two women were included in the study, which allow us to assess that there are 7% of women among sexual offenders incarcerated. Two third of them were sentenced for rape during on average 12 years. Two third of them will have a care obligation after liberation. Eighty-two percent of sexual crimes are chronic, 70% of the victims are their children, especially girls (62%), in 60% the co-offender was the spouse even if 65% are sentenced as the author of the crime, not only the accomplice. In their past, these women suffered from several abuses and deprivations. They present a weak socioeducative level. Seventy-eight percent of the sample has a mental deficiency. With the MINI, 50% present alcohol abuse or dependency. Two third of the sample have already suffered from a depression and we found anxiety symptoms in 67% of the women.Even if the sample is a small one, it is quite the same size than other samples in published studies, which allows us to compare several data: Our sociodemographical and psychopathological data are pretty much the same than in the review. Moreover, our study confirmed, with the short form of the intelligence scale, the importance of the mental deficiency. We also confirmed that women are more often judged as the author of the sexual violence contrary to common stereotypes.ConclusionsPsychiatric care obligation after liberation seems to be important and has to be adapted. It could be interesting to consider several psychopathological and personal life data in order to adapt the psychotherapy. For example, because of the mental deficiency, we can suggest these women to take part in a psychoeducative group, and to work on dealing with their emotions or their self-esteem.As they are more often sentenced as the author of the crime, it allows the psychiatric staff to work on their responsability, the sexual offense recognition, but also their empathy for the victim and their comportments and negative emotions before their acting out.