Effect of 18F-FDG Administration on Measurements of Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

The purpose of this study was to determine whether antecedent administration of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) used in positron emission tomography (PET) scanning results in corruption of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) system. DXA measurements of BMD and body composition had been performed twice, before and after 18F-FDG PET scan in 30 patients. The comparison of pre-values and post-values of all BMD values showed a decrease after the injection. However, only the decrease of whole-body BMD (WB-BMD) was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Whole-body fat mass had increased and whole-body lean body mass had decreased after the injection of 18F-FDG, and these were statistically significant (p < 0.05). There is statistically significant correlation between the injected 18F-FDG dose and a decrease of WB-BMD (r = −0.405; p < 0.05). The findings of this study suggest that when both 18F-FDG PET and DXA measurements for whole-body composition are performed in close-time proximity, 18F-FDG PET scans should follow the DXA measurement. Otherwise, BMD measurements of total femur or lumbar spine could be followed by 18F-FDG PET in close-time proximity.