Quantitative Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Bone Status in Premature and Full-Term Infants

Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) is a common and significant problem that often gives rise to osteopenia, fractures, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. The purpose of our study is to establish normative data on bone status in premature and full-term infants to help future studies on MBDP. Bone status was prospectively determined as part of a multicenter study among newborns within 96 hours of life. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included those neonates 25-36 wk gestational age (premature), and group 2 neonates were born at 37-42 wk gestational age (full term). Demographic data were collected. The Omnisense 7000 Bone Sonometer (Sunlight Medical Ltd., Tel-Aviv, Israel) was used to determine the speed of sound (SOS) through the mid tibia, which reflects bone strength. A total of 235 patients were enrolled in this study. Group 1 (i.e., the premature infants) had a statistically lower age-adjusted SOS as compared with group 2 (i.e., the full-term infants) (analysis of variance; p = 0.001). There was also a correlation between SOS and birth weight (r = 0.3; p < 001). This study represents the largest database of normative data for bone status measuring in preterm and term infants.