Effects of metal ions and cosolutes on G-quadruplex topology

We investigated how metal ions and cosolutes stabilize particular topologies by analyses of oligodeoxynucleotides modified with 2′-deoxyxanthosine and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine pairs which enable to control G-quadruplex topologies. Thermodynamic analyses show that metal ions and cosolutes regulate G-quadruplex topologies through the sizes of metal ion cavities and hydration states.205