Atom-solid 3p level binding energy shift of transition metals Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni

► 3p photoelectron spectra of atomic vapor and solid phase of transition metals were recoded simultaneously. ► The experimental binding energy shift between atomic vapor and bulk are directly determined. ► The experimental values show similar trend when compared to the values obtained using the semiempirical Born-Haber cycle method. ► The binding energy shift of Cr is much smaller compared to other studied elements.