Refractive and volumetric properties for binary liquid mixtures containing toluene and linear esters at 298.15Â K

Refractive index, nD, and density, ρ, have been measured at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, for the binary mixtures of toluene with methyl acetate, methyl propanoate, methyl butanoate, methyl heptanoate, or butyl acetate. From these experimental data refractive index deviations, ΔnD, molar refraction, R, molar refraction deviation, ΔR, and excess molar volume, VE were calculated. Refractive indices were compared with those predicted using several mixing rules.