Environmentally sustainable composite resistors with low temperature coefficient of resistance

Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of thick film resistors are based on fired conducting grains and glass composites. Many analog sensor and control circuits require low (<100 ppm/°C) TCR value. To prepare resistors with low TCR value, knowledge of processing conditions and conduction mechanism parameters are of particular importance because TCR is finalised during firing and cannot be trimmed in the latter stage to a target value as resistors can be. This paper reports the preparation and properties such as microstructural and electrical in particular to sheet resistance, TCR (hot and cold) of eco-friendly composite resistor paste compositions. Our resistor compositions showed the sheet resistance in the range of 1.18–1.38 KΩ/□ and the hot and cold TCR of the compositions reduced substantially from 360 to 100 ppm/°C and 175 to 60 ppm/°C with the addition of TCR modifier.