Three-Dimensional Color Doppler Transesophageal Echocardiography for Mitral Paravalvular Leak Quantification and Evaluation of Percutaneous Closure Success

Three-dimensional ERO was superior to 3D ARO at identifying the presence of degree III and IV paravalvular regurgitation. The undersizing of closure devices according to 3D color ERO length was associated with failed closure procedures. Confirmatory prospective studies are encouraged.