Current progress toward vaccine and passive immunization approaches for Strongyloides spp.

- Vaccine and passive immunization have been applied for Strongyloides spp.
- The level of protection ranged from 35% to approximately 96% in animal models.
- Novel approaches need to be employed regarding immunosuppressed hosts.
- Clinical trials need to be performed to control human strongyloidosis.

Strongyloides stercoralis is a helminth parasite that can infect millions of people worldwide, particularly in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions with poor sanitation. Several aspects of epidemiology, biology and host-parasite interactions of S. stercoralis have been studied, and substantial knowledge has been acquired; however, very few studies on immunotherapeutic control strategies to prevent infection and disease in humans have been conducted. Therefore, this article reviews the current progress and targets toward vaccine and passive immunization approaches for Strongyloides spp.