The North American Late Wisconsin ice sheet and mantle viscosity from glacial rebound analyses

Reconstruction of the North American ice sheet at ∼12.2 ka BP, corresponding to the time of the Younger Dryas, showing elevations of the ice surface (1000 m contours) and of the palaeo-land surface and the location and extent of predicted pro-glacial lakes. Red stars indicate the location of the lake outlets. (The lake in northern British Columbia is a consequence of poorly defined limits of the Cordilleran ice sheet, as are the small lakes in the Elizabeth Islands.)