Brain injury caused by HIV protease inhibitors: Role of lipodystrophy and insulin resistance

► Lopinavir/ritonavir causes lipodystrophy and insulin resistance in mice. ► Lopinavir/ritonavir impairs cognition and increases depressive behavior. ► Lopinavir/ritonavir induces cerebrovascular injury and synapse loss. ► Cognitive impairment correlates with lipodystrophy and insulin resistance.