Health resource utilization varies by comorbidities in children with epilepsy

- Mental health and developmental comorbidities increased health resource use.
- Each comorbidity evaluated influenced health resource use differently.
- The study highlights the importance of identifying and managing epilepsy comorbidities.

ObjectivesComorbidities in adults with epilepsy have been shown to significantly increase health resource utilization (HRU). The current study aimed to determine whether a similar association exists among children with epilepsy in a universal health insurance system.MethodsHealth administrative databases in Ontario, Canada were used to evaluate the frequency of neurologist visits, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations. We evaluated the association between HRU and comorbidities, including depression, anxiety, learning disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), adjusting for age, sex, residence, and socio-economic status.ResultsThe frequency of neurology visits was increased by comorbid depression, ASD, and learning disability (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.29-2.07; p < .01). The frequency of ED visits was increased by all comorbidities (aRR = 1.26-2.83; p < .0001). The frequency of hospitalizations was increased by comorbid depression, anxiety, ASD, and learning disability (aRR = 1.77-7.20; p < .0001). Learning disability had the largest impact on HRU. For each additional comorbidity, the frequency of neurology visits, ED visits, and hospitalizations increased by 1.64 to 3.16 times (p < .0001).ConclusionsAmong children with epilepsy, mental health and developmental comorbidities were associated with increased HRU, and different comorbidities influenced different types of HRU. In addition, we highlight the importance of identifying and managing these comorbidities, as they increased the risks of costly HRU such as ED visits and hospitalizations.