Effect of Biodentine™ on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells

ObjectivesTo investigate the proliferative, migratory and adhesion effect of Biodentine™, a new tricalcium silicate cement formulation, on the human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).MethodsThe cell cultures of hDPSCs obtained from impacted third molars were treated with Biodentine™ extract at four different concentrations: Biodentine™ 0.02 mg/ml (BD 0.02), Biodentine™ 0.2 mg/ml (BD 0.2), Biodentine™ 2 mg/ml (BD 2) and Biodentine™ 20 mg/ml (BD 20). Human dental pulp stem cells proliferation was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and BrdU (5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine) viability analysis at different times. Migration was investigated by microphotographs of wound healing and transwell migration assays. Adhesion assay was performed as well in presence of BD 0.2, BD 2 and blank control, while qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain) was used for further analysis of the mRNA expression of chemokine and adhesion molecules in hDPSCs.ResultsBiodentine™ significantly increased proliferation of stem cells at BD 0.2 and BD 2 concentrations while decreased significantly at higher concentration of BD 20. BD 0.2 concentration had a statistically significant increased migration and adhesion abilities. In addition, qRT-PCR results showed that BD 0.2 could have effect on the mRNA expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules in human dental pulp stem cells.ConclusionsThe data imply that Biodentine™ is a bioactive and biocompatible material capable of enhancing hDPSCs proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities.Clinical significanceBiodentine™ when placed in direct contact with the pulp during pulp exposure can positively influence healing by enhancing the proliferation, migration and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells.