New molecular identifiers for Simulium limbatum and Simulium incrustatum s.l. and the detection of genetic substructure with potential implications for onchocerciasis epidemiology in the Amazonia focus of Brazil

COI barcodes are shown to reliably discriminate Simulium limbatum and Simulium incrustatum blackflies and are used to provide insights into their evolutionary history and behavioural ecology with potential implications for Latin American onchocerciasis epidemiology.