Evaluation of temperature change during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with two different photosensitizers in dental caries

- From thermal point of view, aPDT can be used for decontamination of dentin surface.
- aPDT with both photosensitizers including ICG and TBO can be safely used as for disinfection after caries removal.
- The output power of Diode laser for dentin disinfection should be appropriately chosen to avoid temperature rise inside the pulp.

IntroductionMany attempts have been made in elimination of bacteria in infected and demineralized dentin to not only provide efficient bactericidal potential, but to have minimal damage for tooth structure. The aim of this study was to assess the temperature change during aPDT with ICG and TBO compared with conventional Diode laser irradiation.Materials and methods48 premolar teeth which were selected for this study. A class I cavity was drilled in each teeth, with dimensions of 2 mm width, 4 mm length and depth of 2.5-3.5 mm, providing a dentinal wall of approximately 0.5 mm for pulp chamber. Then teeth were randomly allocated in 4 experimental groups (n = 12); Group 1: TBO + LED, Group 2: ICG + Diode Laser, Group 3: Diode laser with output power of 0.5 W, Group 4: Diode laser with output power of 1 W. Thermocouple device was held by experimenter hand and the sensor was in pulp chamber of the teeth. Heat generated during irradiation was reported on LCD screen by NUX Plus software. Repeated measure ANOVA was used in order to compare the temperature before and after laser application. Tukey HSD was used to compare the results between groups.ResultsTemperature was risen for about 0.54 ± 0.05 °C for group 1, 1.67 ± 0.14 °C for group 2, 4.21 ± 0.83 °C for group 3, and 4. 50 ± 0.32 °C for group 4. The difference between group 1 & 2, 1 & 3 and 1 & 4 was significant (p < 0.0001).ConclusionAccording to results of this study, Diode (with or without photosensitizer- 0.5 and 1 W) can be safely used as alternative approach for disinfection after caries removal in thermal point of view.