Effect of Azadirachta indica (neem), sodium thiosulphate and calcium chloride on changes in nitrogen transformations and inhibition of nitrification in soil incubated under laboratory conditions

► Nitrification inhibition (NIs) is an important strategy for environmental protection (decreasing gaseous emissions to atmosphere, N2O emission) and increasing crop productivity by reducing N loss in soil-plant system. ► The present work highlighting the potential use of three NIs for inhibiting nitrification and increasing N recovery efficiency in soil. ► Generally synthetic NIs have been used in agriculture for inhibiting nitrification which are very expensive and not easily available for normal use. ► In this study common salts and plant product that are less expensive and easily available are used showed their efficiency equivalent to synthetic NIs. ► These inhibitors can easily be used under field conditions. Hence, this study has novelty and useful for scientific and practical study for farmers as well.