Geodetic evidence for continuing tectonic activity of the Carboneras fault (SE Spain)

- We confirm the present-day tectonic activity of the Carboneras fault in SE Betics.
- The fault shows a present-day geodetic left-lateral rate of 1.3 ± 0.2 mm/yr.
- The agreement between the geologic and geodetic slip-rates of the Carboneras fault, suggests that the fault has been slipping approximately at a constant rate during the Quaternary.
- According to the proposed simplified kinematic model, the Carboneras and Alpujarras fault zones act as boundaries between the eastern block that moves parallel to the plate convergence vector and the western block that escapes westward.

The Carboneras fault zone (CFZ) is a prominent onshore-offshore strike-slip fault that forms part of the Eastern Betic Shear Zone (EBSZ), located in SE Spain. In this work, we show for the first time, the continuing tectonic activity of the CFZ and quantify its geodetic slip-rates using continuous and campaign GPS observations conducted during the last decade. We find that the left-lateral motion dominates the kinematics of the CFZ, with a strike-slip rate of 1.3 ± 0.2 mm/yr along the N48° direction. The shortening component is significantly lower and poorly constrained. Recent onshore and offshore paleoseismic and geomorphic results across the CFZ suggest a minimum Late Pleistocene to present-day strike-slip rate of 1.1 mm/yr. Considering the similarity of the geologic and geodetic slip rates measured at different points along the fault, the northern segment of the CFZ must have been slipping approximately at a constant rate during the Quaternary. Regarding the eastern Alpujarras fault zone corridor (AFZ), located to the north of the CFZ, our GPS measurements corroborate that this zone is active and exhibits a right-lateral motion. These opposite type strike-slip motion across the AFZ and CFZ is a result of a push-type force due to Nubia and Eurasia plate convergence, which, in turn, causes the westward escape of the block bounded by these two fault zones.