Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assessment of biodegraded textile effluent by Ca-alginate encapsulated manganese peroxidase

Present study was aimed to appraise the potential of free and immobilized manganese peroxidase (MnP) for the decolorization and detoxification of textile effluent. MnP was immobilized in Ca-alginate beads at optimized conditions of sodium alginate, calcium chloride and enzyme concentrations. Maximum effluent decolorization of 87.4% was achieved in the presence of H2O2 (1 mmol l−1), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (1 mmol l−1), pH (5.0) and temperature (40 °C) for 5 h of incubation time. The effluent treated at optimized conditions was subjected to toxicity evaluation. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using Allium cepa, brine shrimp and heamolytic bioassays; whereas mutagenicity was tested using Ames test of both treated and untreated effluent. The cytotoxicity of treated sample reduced significantly and A. cepa showed increase in root length, root count and mitotic index up to 38.46%, 43.47% and 41.83%, respectively, whereas red blood cells (RBCs) lysis reduced 69.84% and brine shrimp nauplii death reduced up to 63.64% in immobilized MnP treated effluent. The mutagenicity reduced up to 73.44% and 75.43% for TA98 and TA100 strains, respectively. The Ca-alginate beads encapsulated MnP revealed promising bio-catalytic efficiency and could be used for the decolorization and detoxification of textile effluents.