Impact of substrate temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of thermally evaporated SnS thin films

Tin Sulfide thin films were deposited on soda lime glass substrates at three different substrate temperatures using thermal evaporation technique. The impact of substrate temperature on the deposited films has been studied thoroughly. Surface morphology was modified with the substrate temperature. XRD spectra shows orthorhombic end-centered type SnS having (1 1 0) orientation. The crystallite size increases with the increase in the substrate temperature. At a high substrate temperature (450 °C) small grains form on the surface and crystallinity decreases. The effect of substrate temperature on optical and electrical properties has been studied using UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer and Hall effect respectively. With the increase in the substrate temperature there is a substantial decrease in the transmittance and bandgap value. Refractive index (n), dielectric constant (ε1) and extinction co-efficient (k) have also been calculated for different substrate temperatures.