Determination of carbofuran in surface water and biological tissue by sol-gel immunoaffinity extraction and on-line preconcentration/HPLC/UV analysis

► An immunosorbent (IS) for carbofuran was prepared by the sol-gel technique. ► Main IS properties were: high capacity, strong binding, selective, reproducible. ► An immunoaffinity column was then used to extract carbofuran from complex samples. ► Extract was further on-line preconcentrated and analyzed by SPE/HPLC/UV. ► Good precision, accuracy and sensitivity were achieved with this method.