Les accidents vasculaires cérébraux chez le sujet âgé en milieu tropical : aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et facteurs pronostiques

Stroke can occur at all ages, but is more common among the elderly. There are few studies on stroke in the elderly in Africa and in Burkina Faso specifically. The aim of this work was to identify clinical features and prognostic factors for stroke in Yalgado Ouedraogo hospital in Ouagadougou. This was a prospective study on patients aged 64 and over, hospitalized in the neurology department of CHU-YO in the period April 1st to October 30th 2016. Data was collected manually. Forty patients with mean age of 71.35 years were included in the study. The gender ratio was 1.85. Twenty-three patients were hospitalized for ischemic stroke and 17 patients for hemorrhagic stroke. Five patients arrived at the emergency department with a thrombolysis time-lapse under 4.5 hours. Twenty-eight patients were hypertensive. Ten patients had more than one cardiovascular risk factor. Atheromatous pathology (11 patients) and high blood pressure were prominent in the etiology of ischemic stroke and HTA was the main factor in hemorrhagic stroke. There were 5 deaths. Amongst the survivors, motor impairment was present for 32 patients and speech issues were observed with 9 patients. Sixteen patients had decubitus complications. Motor recovery was linked to physiotherapy and NIHSS score on entry. Mortality was linked to the occurrence of complications. Stroke is a serious, disabling and increasingly common condition with the aging of the population. The creation of a neurovascular unit and a rehabilitation unit would improve prognosis in elderly patients.