Hydrothermal fluid evolution of the Jintingling gold deposit in the Jiaodong peninsula, China: Constraints from U-Pb age, CL imaging, fluid inclusion and stable isotope

Pyrite from the Jintingling deposit has δ34S values (5.5‰-6.1‰) similar to those of pyrite from other gold deposits in the Jiaodong district, indicating that they were related to the same hydrothermal ore-forming system. The δ13CPDB values of calcite (−4.5‰ to −5.4‰) in V5 are generally located in the range of magmatic-derived carbon. Fluids of V2, V3, V4 have δD from −64.4‰ to −87.1‰, and δ18O from 8.4‰ to 0.2‰, located in the compositional fields between magmatic water and meteoric water. Collectively, microthermonetric results and isotopic data indicate that the primary ore-forming fluids were most probably magmatic in origin, with incorporation of meteoric water in the later ore-forming stage. Precipitation of gold was triggered by cooling of fluids, fluid immiscibility and decrease of sulfur in the fluids.