Continuous peripheral nerve blocks in acute pain management

Continuous peripheral nerve block techniques offer many benefits for the surgical patient in terms of target-specific pain control and avoidance of opioid-related side effects. There are many acceptable techniques for perineural catheter placement and infusion management, and practitioners are encouraged to obtain specialized training to develop a consistent practice and ensure patient safety. Emerging technology in ultrasound guidance may offer advantages in perineural catheter insertion accuracy and procedural efficiency. Various infusion devices are available that permit delivery of a basal rate and patient-controlled bolus for use in the event of breakthrough pain. A successful outpatient continuous peripheral nerve block program should include thorough patient education, detailed written instructions, daily telephone follow-up, and contact information for a healthcare provider familiar with these techniques who can answer questions and intervene when necessary.