Haploidização

Haploidization is the artificial induction of meiosis in somatic cells. This new technology has been developed to offer infertile patients an alternative to gamete donation by means of the artificial construction of patient gametes. It is intended to be used by the infertile patients with absent gonads, or with gonadal dysfunction that prevents the formation of mature gametes or whose gametes present severe structural⧸genetic abnormalities. We made a complete bibliography review and present our experimental data. In this technology, donor oocytes are first enucleated and then nuclear transfer is performed using G1⧸G0 adult diploid somatic cells of the patient. Avoiding cytokinesis inhibition (as used in cloning), constructs are then activated for the induction of a premature chromosome division. This is expected as the genetic material has been induced to prematurely condense by exposure to activated MPF present in the ooplasm. Although promising, this technology still allows a low rate (9%) of induced meiosis with a correct chromosome segregation.