Impact of anti-orthopoxvirus neutralizing antibodies induced by a heterologous prime-boost HIV-1 vaccine on insert-specific immune responses

► Virus-specific neutralizing antibodies are induced by MVA in a dose-dependent fashion. ► A second dose of MVA boosts NAb titres, but further doses do not yield higher titres. ► An HIV-1-derived insert did not interfere with induction of anti-vector antibodies. ► Anti-vector antibodies did not interfere with induction of HIV-1-specific responses.