Studies on the complexation of diclofenac sodium with β–cyclodextrin: Influence of method of preparation

• Inclusion complexes of diclofenac sodium with β–cyclodextrin prepared by different methods.
• Phase solubility suggest 1:1 stoichiometry.
• NMR confirmed total inclusion of drug in β–cyclodextrin.
• Microwaved product has highest solubility as indicated by dissolution studies.
• Antibacterial and antibiofilm properties were maximum for microwaved product.

Inclusion complexes of diclofenac sodium (DS) with β–cyclodextrin (β–CD) were prepared in order to improve the solubility, dissolution and oral bioavailability of the poorly water soluble drug. The effect of method of preparation of the DS/β−CD inclusion complexes (ICs) was investigated. The ICs were prepared by microwave irradiation and also by the conventional methods of kneading, co-precipitation and freeze drying. Though freeze drying method is usually referred to as the gold standard among all the conventional methods, its long processing time limits the utility. Microwave irradiation accomplishes the process in a very short span of time and is a more environmentally benign method. Better efficacy of the microwaved inclusion product (MW) was observed in terms of dissolution, antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm properties of the drug. Thus microwave irradiation can be utilized as an improved, time-saving and cost-effective method for the generation of DS/β–CD inclusion complexes.

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