Comparative study of room temperature and low temperature magnetization and magnetoelectric coupling behavior of Ti and Pr doped BiFeO3

• Ti and Pr doped BiFeO3 samples were synthesized by conventional rapid liquid phase sintering.
• Magnetic curve shows slight increment in magnetization for pristine BiFeO3 to Bi0.9Pr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3.
• P–E loop shows enhancement in the value of Pmax for pure BiFeO3 to Bi0.9Pr0.1FeO3.
• Interestingly, second order quadratic magneto-electric coefficient (β) increases for Bi0.9Pr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3.

Four different compositions of Ti and Pr doped BiFeO3 samples were synthesized by conventional rapid liquid phase sintering method and their magnetic and magnetoelectric properties were studied. XRD pattern confirms the single phase formation of BiFeO3 for all samples without any impurity. Room temperature magnetic (M–H) curve shows slight increment in the value of magnetization from 0.070 to 0.078 emu/gm for pristine BiFeO3 to Pr and Ti co-doped (Bi0.9Pr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3), respectively. The M–H curve at 80 K also shows that the value of magnetization increases from 0.08 to 0.10 emu/g for pure BiFeO3 to Pr and Ti co-doped (Bi0.9Pr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3). Ferroelectric behavior observed through P–E loop shows enhancement in the value of maximum polarization Pmax from 0.185 to 0.859 μC/cm2 for pure BiFeO3 to Pr doped (Bi0.9Pr0.1FeO3), respectively. Room temperature magnetoelectric effect was studied through dynamic method and second order quadratic magneto-electric coefficient (β) was calculated for all the samples. The value of β is found to be maximum 34.72 × 10−5 mV/cm Oe2 for Pr, Ti co-doped BiFeO3 (Bi0.9Pr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.1O3) and minimum 12.25 × 10−5 mV/cm Oe2 for pristine BiFeO3 (BiFe0.9Ti0.1O3).

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