AZO-Ag-AZO transparent electrode for amorphous silicon solar cells

• Multilayer transparent electrode based on aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) and Ag
• Comparison of AZO-Ag-AZO transparent electrode to AZO and indium tin oxide
• Performance of AZO-Ag-AZO transparent electrodes on textured surfaces
• Comparison of amorphous silicon solar cells with different transparent electrodes

Metal-based transparent electrodes can be fabricated at low temperatures, which is crucial for various substrate materials and solar cells. In this work, an oxide-metal-oxide (OMO) transparent electrode based on aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) and silver is compared to AZO layers, fabricated at different temperatures and indium tin oxides. With the OMO structure, a sheet resistance of 7.1/square and a transparency above 80% for almost the entire visible spectrum were achieved. The possible application of such electrodes on a textured solar cell was demonstrated on the example of a rough ZnO substrate. An OMO structure is benchmarked in a n-i-p amorphous silicon solar cell against an AZO front contact fabricated at 200 °C. In the experiment, the OMO electrode shows a superior performance with an efficiency gain of 30%.