Accelerator based synthesis of hydroxyapatite by MeV ion implantation

Accelerator based MeV ion implantation of Ca2+ and P2+ into the titanium substrate to form hydroxyapatite (HA) has been carried out. Calcium hydroxide was formed after heating the calcium implanted titanium in air at 80 °C for 3 h. Upon subsequent annealing for 5 min at 600 °C HA was formed on the surface. Penetration depth of the HA layer in this method is much higher as compared to keV ion implantation. By elemental analysis, Ca/P ratio of the HA was found to be 1.76 which is higher than the ideal 1.67. This higher Ca/P ratio is attributed to the higher penetration depth of the MeV technique used.