Effect of crystallization on humidity sensing properties of sol–gel derived nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films

In the present work, we describe the effect of crystallization on humidity sensing properties of nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films prepared by sol–gel techniques. Here, we report an enhancement in the relative humidity (RH) sensitivity just after the crystallization at 375 °C, which is attributed to increased surface activity near crystallization and lower crystallite size. After crystallization, the RH sensitivity was found to decrease with increasing grain size. The complex impedance of the sensor, measured using impedance spectroscopy, fits well with an equivalent circuit consisting of inter-granular resistance and capacitance in parallel. It was found that with the change in RH, only resistance changes significantly, when compared with the capacitance.