Large scale F-doped SnO2 coating on glass by spray pyrolysis

Large scale F-doped SnO2 coating was carried out on a glass production line by a cheap in-house spray pyrolysis coater. The coater was installed on glass annealing lehr which has a width of ∼2 m. The solution for film formation consisted of SnCl4·5H2O and NH4F dissolved in a solvent. The solution was sprayed by pressure spray nozzles downward to underneath hot glass sheet. The coating was done for 150 s where the glass temperature was in a range of 430–450 °C. The total length of the coated glass was ∼10 m. It was found by sheet resistance measurement that the coating started non-uniformly and then it covered the entire width of glass when spraying time approached 150 s. The lowest sheet resistance of the coated glass was 0.8 kΩ/□ where the film thickness was ∼80 nm which corresponds to film resistivity of ∼6.4 × 10− 3 Ω-cm.