Lipidomics: Novel insight into the biochemical mechanism of lipid metabolism and dysregulation-associated disease

• Lipids play roles in various lipid-associated diseases.
• Various analytical techniques have been applied to lipidomics.
• Lipidomics has been applied to lipid metabolism and dysregulation-associated diseases.
• Lipidomics applications in disease biomarker discovery were discussed.
• Lipidomics provide holistic lipid profiling in various diseases.

The application of lipidomics, after genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, offered largely opportunities to illuminate the entire spectrum of lipidome based on a quantitative or semi-quantitative level in a biological system. When combined with advances in proteomics and metabolomics high-throughput platforms, lipidomics provided the opportunity for analyzing the unique roles of specific lipids in complex cellular processes. Abnormal lipid metabolism was demonstrated to be greatly implicated in many human lifestyle-related diseases. In this review, we focused on lipidomic applications in brain injury disease, cancer, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and infectious disease to discover disease biomarkers and illustrate biochemical metabolic pathways. We also discussed the analytical techniques, future perspectives and potential problems of lipidomic applications. The application of lipidomics in disease biomarker discovery provides the opportunity for gaining novel insights into biochemical mechanism.

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