Key rock mechanical problems of underground powerhouse in Shuibuya hydropower station

The complicated rock structures and the stability of surrounding rocks of the underground powerhouse were the key rock mechanical problems in Shuibuya hydropower station. In order to overcome the related rock mechanical problems encountered during its construction, a comprehensive research was carried out for the underground powerhouse in Shuibuya hydropower station based on a detailed geological survey. It covers the investigations on the initial in-situ stress distribution features, rock mechanical properties, engineering rock mass classifications by different methods, numerical modeling for stability and support analysis, proper measures for rock excavation and support. The results show that the rock excavations of the underground powerhouse under the given geological conditions can be controlled effectively. Some measures, suggested by the designers, are proved to be rational and effective. These measures mainly consist of: (1) the soft rock replacements by concrete in local area below the crane beam, (2) the shotcrete and reinforcement by rock bolts and anchor cables in surrounding rocks, and (3) 2 m concrete placement on the rock bench between adjacent tailrace tubes. The engineering practice shows that the treated surrounding rocks have a good overall stability. The deformation behaviors observed by safety equipments are within the designing limits. The research conclusions on the related rock mechanical problems, prior to the underground powerhouse excavations, are reliable.