Problems of durability and reinforcement measures for underground structures in China

In this paper, the bolt- and cable-supported structures mainly refer to anchored cables, anchored bolts, soil nails and other commonly used reinforcing and supporting structures in geotechnical engineering, as well as reinforced soil structures in permanent works. They are often used in combination, or formed into composite bolt- and cable-supported structures, with other traditional construction methods and relevant measures. Distinct characteristics of such structures are that they are most often invisible, exposed to more severe underground corrosive environments and with strict durability requirements. A number of serious durability problems of underground structures are discussed and major achievements and advances in China and abroad in terms of durability and reinforcement measures for underground structures are reviewed, followed by comprehensive analyses. Some suggestions for those problems are put forward.