Humanized mice: Current states and perspectives

The development of chimeric mice bearing the components of a human immune system to serve as animal models for “human” diseases has been the goal of many years of research. In this review we will discuss the latest advances in this field, their remaining shortcomings and challenges to the generation of new models of mouse/human chimeras.

► We describe the newest versions of humanized mice bearing a human immune system.
► We describe the limitations of these models, especially lymphocyte functions.
► We describe the current approaches to overcome these limitations.
► We focus on two approaches: HLA and human Sirpa expression by murine hosts.