کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4485141 1316942 2009 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Reduction of endocrine disruptor emissions in the environment: The benefit of wastewater treatment
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه علوم زمین و سیارات فرآیندهای سطح زمین
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Reduction of endocrine disruptor emissions in the environment: The benefit of wastewater treatment
چکیده انگلیسی

The occurrence and fate of four estrogens and five alkylphenolic compounds were studied in thirteen plants with various treatment processes, sizes and countries. Complete load mass balance, including water and sludge phases, has shown a high reduction of the total load of hormones, around 90%. The removal of alkylphenols was more variable, due to the degradation of nonylphenol (NP) precursors – alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APnEO) – during the treatment, resulting in significant production of shorter and toxic alkylphenols (NP and short polyethoxylates) that concentrate in the sludges. Under anaerobic conditions, such as anaerobic digestion process, the load of NP was in most cases observed to increase. When considering the environmental impact, the high reduction of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) concentrations between raw wastewater and effluent enables to satisfy the requirements of the Water Framework Directive for NP except in very critical situations where the dilution factor of the effluent in the river would be lower than 7. For sludges, the pending European Directive on spreading of sludge on land would be complied with in all cases.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Water Research - Volume 43, Issue 6, April 2009, Pages 1565–1576
نویسندگان
, , , ,