Geochronological and petrogeochemical constraints on the skarn deposits in Tongshanling ore district, southern Hunan Province: Implications for Jurassic Cu and W metallogenic events in South China

• No time gap between the Cu–Pb–Zn and W–Sn mineralization in southern Hunan.
• The Xianglinpu granite is more reduced and evolved than the Tongshanling granodiorite.
• The difference in magma source generated the different types of mineralization.

Southern Hunan Province, South China, is located in the central part of the Qin–Hang metallogenic belt and is characterized by abundant Cu–Pb–Zn and W–Sn polymetallic ore deposits. The Cu–Pb–Zn deposits are associated with Jurassic granodiorite porphyries whereas the W–Sn deposits occur within Jurassic granite porphyries. Here we present geochronologic and geochemical data for the Tongshanling Cu–(Mo)–Pb–Zn deposit and the Weijia W deposit in the district of Tongshanling, southern Hunan. Zircon U–Pb dating and molybdenite Re–Os geochronology indicate that the emplacement of the Tongshanling granodiorite porphyry and the associated Cu mineralization occurred at 162–160 Ma, slightly earlier than the formation of the Xianglinpu granite porphyry and associated W mineralization at 159–158 Ma. The Tongshanling granodiorite is high-K calc-alkaline, weakly peraluminous, and weakly fractionated with zircon εHf(t) values of − 15.1 to − 5.6. In contrast, the Xianglinpu granite is alkaline, peraluminous, and highly fractionated, with εHf(t) values of − 9.5 to 0.9. Our data indicate that the Tongshanling granodiorite is relatively oxidized and was formed by the partial melting of Paleoproterozoic crustal material with inputs of mafic magma which was derived from a subduction-modified lithospheric mantle. In contrast, the Xianglinpu granite porphyry is relatively reduced and was formed by direct interaction between the crust and asthenospheric mantle. The difference in magma generation and tectonics is considered to have resulted in the different types of mineralization associated with these two intrusive bodies.

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